#85 in world Asia UN member

United Arab Emirates

Abu Dhabi Asia Western Asia

The United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven monarchies located in Western Asia along the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Current estimates indicate a population of approximately 12 million people and a GDP per capita of 54,367 USD, reflecting its status as a leading global economic hub.

Where is United Arab Emirates?

United Arab Emirates

Continent
Asia
Country
United Arab Emirates
Coordinates
24.00°, 54.00°

Population Details

Population
12M
Area
83,600 km²
Density per km²
144 / km²
Growth rate
+4.68%
Annual growth
+563.8K people
Daily growth
+1.5K people
World population share
0.15%

Population Trend

Historical series from 1960 to 2026

Start 131.3K Latest 12M

Population & Social Snapshot

Age structure, urbanization, and benchmark indicators for United Arab Emirates

Age Distribution

0-14 years 1.9M
15-64 years 9.9M
65+ years 212.7K

Urbanization

85.8% Urban
10M
Urban 10M
Rural 1.7M

Health & Education Benchmarks

Life Expectancy at Birth +12%
83.1 years
World avg: 74.0 years
Fertility Rate -48%
1.21 births per woman
World avg: 2.35 births per woman
Infant Mortality Rate -80%
3.8 per 1,000 live births
World avg: 18.6 per 1,000 live births
Literacy Rate (Adults) +10%
98.8 % of adults
World avg: 89.5 % of adults
Internet Users +38%
100.0 % of population
World avg: 72.5 % of population

Demographics

Quick Facts

Capital
Abu Dhabi
Region
Asia
Area
83,600 km²
Languages
Arabic
Currency
United Arab Emirates dirham (د.إ)
Timezones
UTC+04:00
UN Member
Yes

Neighboring Countries

Economy

The nation possesses a total GDP of approximately 552 billion USD, placing it 26th globally and 8th in Asia. Economic activity is supported by an annual GDP growth rate of 3.99% and a low unemployment rate of 2.17%, which ranks 168th of 186 nations when ordered by largest rate. While the petroleum and natural gas sectors remain foundational, the country has successfully diversified into tourism, international trade, and finance, resulting in a GDP per capita rank of 30th globally and 6th in the Asian region.

Society

Social development in the federation is characterized by high standards of living and a life expectancy of 83.07 years, which ranks 21st globally. Educational outcomes are strong with an adult literacy rate of 98.81%, placing the country 33rd in the global literacy ranking. Additionally, the nation ranks 1st globally for internet connectivity, with 100% of the population identified as internet users, reflecting its highly urbanized society where 85.8% of residents live in modern metropolitan centers.

Climate & Environment

The climate is predominantly arid desert, featuring extremely hot summers where temperatures frequently exceed 40 °C (104 °F) and high humidity levels along the 1318 km (819 mi) coastline. Winters are mild and pleasant, providing a stark contrast to the intense heat of the interior sand dunes and the rugged terrain of Jabal Bil 'Ays, which rises to 1905 m (6250 ft).

Government & Politics

Government Type
federation of monarchies
Independence
1971-12-02 (United Kingdom)

The United Arab Emirates is a unique federation of 7 monarchies, known as emirates. The Federal Supreme Council, composed of the hereditary rulers of Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al-Quwain, Ras Al-Khaimah, and Fujairah, serves as the highest constitutional authority. This body elects the President and Vice President from among its members; historically, the Ruler of Abu Dhabi holds the presidency, while the Ruler of Dubai serves as the Prime Minister. While the individual emirates retain significant autonomy over their local affairs and natural resources, the federal government manages foreign policy, defense, and national security. The political system does not include political parties; instead, the Federal National Council acts as a consultative body. This council consists of 40 members, half of whom are appointed by the rulers and the other half elected through an electoral college system. This structure provides a balance between traditional tribal governance and a modern federal framework.

History

The history of the United Arab Emirates is rooted in the tribal confederations of the Arabian Peninsula and its historical role in maritime trade. For decades, the region was known as the Trucial States due to 19th-century maritime peace treaties signed with the United Kingdom. Following the British announcement of withdrawal from the region in 1968, the leaders of the individual emirates sought to form a unified state to ensure stability and development. The United Arab Emirates officially gained independence from the United Kingdom on 2 December 1971. Initially, 6 emirates joined the federation, with Ras Al-Khaimah following in early 1972. Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, the ruler of Abu Dhabi, became the first president and is revered as the founding father who utilized oil revenues—first exported in the early 1960s—to transform the desert landscape into a modern society. Over the following decades, the nation underwent one of the most rapid developmental shifts in history, evolving from a pearl-diving and subsistence economy into a global center for finance, tourism, and transport. Recent decades have been defined by massive infrastructure projects and a focus on becoming a regional leader in space exploration and renewable energy.

Notable Facts

  • Jabal Bil 'Ays is the highest point in the country at 1,905 m (6,250 ft).
  • The nation achieved a 100 percent internet penetration rate, ranking 1st globally for connectivity.
  • The official 2024 population is approximately 11 million, with an estimated 2026 population of 12 million.
  • The literacy rate stands at 98.8 percent, ranking 33rd among surveyed nations.
  • The country shares land borders with Oman and Saudi Arabia, stretching across a coastline of 1,318 km (819 mi).

Geography

Highest Point
Jabal Bil 'Ays (1,905 m)
Lowest Point
Persian Gulf (0 m)
Coastline
1,318 km

Explore weather and climate data for cities in United Arab Emirates

Monthly averages for Abu Dhabi

January best
Excellent
Temp
24°C / 17°C
Feels Like
23°C / 16°C
Rain
2days (17 mm) Excellent
Sun
10.4h Excellent
Humidity
64% Muggy
February best
Excellent
Temp
25°C / 18°C
Feels Like
25°C / 17°C
Rain
0days (3 mm) Excellent
Sun
10.8h Excellent
Humidity
65% Muggy
March best
Excellent
Temp
29°C / 21°C
Feels Like
29°C / 20°C
Rain
1days (13 mm) Excellent
Sun
10.8h Excellent
Humidity
58% Moderate
April
Good
Temp
33°C / 24°C
Feels Like
34°C / 25°C
Rain
1days (16 mm) Excellent
Sun
11.8h Excellent
Humidity
54% Moderate
May
Poor
Temp
36°C / 28°C
Feels Like
39°C / 30°C
Rain
0days (2 mm) Excellent
Sun
12.8h Excellent
Humidity
53% Moderate
June
Poor
Temp
39°C / 30°C
Feels Like
43°C / 35°C
Rain
0days (0 mm) Excellent
Sun
12.8h Excellent
Humidity
58% Moderate
July
Poor
Temp
40°C / 33°C
Feels Like
46°C / 38°C
Rain
0days (1 mm) Excellent
Sun
12.2h Excellent
Humidity
56% Moderate
August
Poor
Temp
40°C / 33°C
Feels Like
46°C / 38°C
Rain
0days (1 mm) Excellent
Sun
12h Excellent
Humidity
55% Moderate
September
Poor
Temp
39°C / 30°C
Feels Like
44°C / 35°C
Rain
0days (0 mm) Excellent
Sun
11.3h Excellent
Humidity
60% Moderate
October
Poor
Temp
35°C / 27°C
Feels Like
38°C / 31°C
Rain
1days (1 mm) Excellent
Sun
10.9h Excellent
Humidity
60% Moderate
November best
Excellent
Temp
31°C / 23°C
Feels Like
32°C / 26°C
Rain
0days (1 mm) Excellent
Sun
10.2h Excellent
Humidity
61% Muggy
December best
Excellent
Temp
26°C / 20°C
Feels Like
26°C / 20°C
Rain
1days (5 mm) Excellent
Sun
10.1h Excellent
Humidity
63% Muggy
Month Temp Feels Like Rain Sun Humidity Status Details
January best 24°C / 17°C 23°C / 16°C 2days (17 mm) Excellent 10.4h Excellent 64% Muggy Excellent View Details
February best 25°C / 18°C 25°C / 17°C 0days (3 mm) Excellent 10.8h Excellent 65% Muggy Excellent View Details
March best 29°C / 21°C 29°C / 20°C 1days (13 mm) Excellent 10.8h Excellent 58% Moderate Excellent View Details
April 33°C / 24°C 34°C / 25°C 1days (16 mm) Excellent 11.8h Excellent 54% Moderate Good View Details
May 36°C / 28°C 39°C / 30°C 0days (2 mm) Excellent 12.8h Excellent 53% Moderate Poor View Details
June 39°C / 30°C 43°C / 35°C 0days (0 mm) Excellent 12.8h Excellent 58% Moderate Poor View Details
July 40°C / 33°C 46°C / 38°C 0days (1 mm) Excellent 12.2h Excellent 56% Moderate Poor View Details
August 40°C / 33°C 46°C / 38°C 0days (1 mm) Excellent 12h Excellent 55% Moderate Poor View Details
September 39°C / 30°C 44°C / 35°C 0days (0 mm) Excellent 11.3h Excellent 60% Moderate Poor View Details
October 35°C / 27°C 38°C / 31°C 1days (1 mm) Excellent 10.9h Excellent 60% Moderate Poor View Details
November best 31°C / 23°C 32°C / 26°C 0days (1 mm) Excellent 10.2h Excellent 61% Muggy Excellent View Details
December best 26°C / 20°C 26°C / 20°C 1days (5 mm) Excellent 10.1h Excellent 63% Muggy Excellent View Details

Temperature

48°C 42°C 36°C 30°C 24°C 18°C 12°C 6°C JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
HighLow

Line chart showing monthly temperatures. Jan: 24°C / 17°C . Feb: 25°C / 18°C . Mar: 29°C / 21°C . Apr: 33°C / 24°C . May: 36°C / 28°C . Jun: 39°C / 30°C . Jul: 40°C / 33°C . Aug: 40°C / 33°C . Sep: 39°C / 30°C . Oct: 35°C / 27°C . Nov: 31°C / 23°C . Dec: 26°C / 20°C .

Rainfall

0 mm 5 mm 10 mm 15 mm 20 mm 25 mm JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Rainfall

Bar chart showing monthly rainfall. Jan: 17 mm. Feb: 3 mm. Mar: 13 mm. Apr: 16 mm. May: 2 mm. Jun: 0 mm. Jul: 1 mm. Aug: 1 mm. Sep: 0 mm. Oct: 1 mm. Nov: 1 mm. Dec: 5 mm.

Frequently Asked Questions

The population of United Arab Emirates is approximately 12M (2024).

The capital of United Arab Emirates is Abu Dhabi.

United Arab Emirates's GDP per capita is $54.4K (2024).

Life expectancy in United Arab Emirates is 83.07 years (2024).

United Arab Emirates covers 83,600 km² (32,278 sq mi).

United Arab Emirates has a moderate population density of 144 people per km², close to the global average of 60.

United Arab Emirates's population is growing rapidly at 4.7% per year — among the fastest in the world.

Yes — based on GDP per capita, United Arab Emirates falls in the high GDP-per-person tier at $54.4K. Official World Bank income groups use Atlas-method GNI per capita, so this is a GDP-based comparison rather than an official income-group label.

United Arab Emirates reports a very low intentional homicide rate of 0.7 per 100,000 people — among the safest in the world by this measure.

The official language of United Arab Emirates is Arabic.

United Arab Emirates uses the United Arab Emirates dirham (د.إ) as its sole official currency.

The best months to visit United Arab Emirates are January, February, March, November, December, based on climate data for the capital.

Latest estimates show that the United Arab Emirates has a population of approximately 12 million people. The nation has a high annual population growth rate of 4.68%, and its population density has reached 169.3 people per km² (438.5 per sq mi). This growth is primarily driven by the country's large expatriate community.

The United Arab Emirates is a high-income nation with a current GDP per capita estimate of 54,367 USD. This figure ranks the country 30th globally and 3rd in Western Asia for individual wealth. The total GDP is approximately 552 billion USD, supported by robust growth in both the energy and non-oil sectors.

The adult literacy rate in the United Arab Emirates is 98.81%, which ranks 33rd globally. The government has invested heavily in the education system to foster a knowledge-based economy and ensure universal access to schooling. This commitment has resulted in nearly total literacy among the resident population and a highly skilled workforce.

The United Arab Emirates ranks 1st globally for internet usage, with 100% of its population having access to the web. This universal connectivity is a cornerstone of the nation's strategy to become a global leader in digital technology and smart city infrastructure. High-speed mobile and fixed-line services are available across all seven emirates.

Current data shows that the unemployment rate in the United Arab Emirates is 2.17%. This exceptionally low figure ranks the nation 168th out of 186 countries when sorted from the highest to lowest unemployment rates. The labor market is characterized by a high demand for international talent across diverse economic sectors.

The estimated 2026 population of the United Arab Emirates is approximately 12 million. This figure is projected from the official 2024 population of 10,986,400 people. The rapid growth is largely attributed to the country's status as a global economic hub, attracting a diverse international workforce that makes up the majority of the residents.

The United Arab Emirates currently holds the global rank of 85 out of 215 countries. In the Asia region, it is ranked 27 out of 49 nations, and it holds the 7th position out of 17 countries in Western Asia. Its rank has risen consistently over recent decades due to rapid economic expansion.

Recent data shows an estimated 2026 population density of 169.3 people per km² (438.5 per sq mi). This density is concentrated in the coastal metropolitan regions, as much of the country's 83,600 km² (32,278 sq mi) of land area consists of sparsely populated desert terrain.

The population is growing rapidly at an annual rate of 4.68 percent, which is one of the highest growth rates globally. This increase is primarily driven by high net migration, with an estimated net change of 1,410 people per day, as workers from around the world move to the country for employment.

The latest official data indicates a fertility rate of 1.21 children per woman. This rate is ranked 196th globally, which is below the replacement level. The low national average is influenced by the large number of expatriate workers who often reside in the country without extended families.

Approximately 85.8 percent of the population lives in urban areas, ranking 44th globally for urbanization. This high percentage reflects the modern, city-centric nature of the country, where infrastructure and employment are heavily concentrated in metropolitan centers like Dubai and the capital, Abu Dhabi.

All Indicators

Explore United Arab Emirates's data across 50+ indicators

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